Page: 1164, 37. A. appearance, work of breathing, and skin circulation. Which of the following is true about a child's breathing? Pediatric Emergencies, Ch. Drawing in of the muscles between the ribs or of the sternum during inspiration is called: is tachypneic, has sternal retractions, and is clinging to her mother. C. monitor the pulse oximeter reading. 53. Answer: B Page: 1162. When a child is struck by a car, the area of greatest injury depends MOSTLY on the: size of the child and the height of the bumper upon impact. bag-mask ventilations is to: His mother states that she saw him put a small toy into his mouth shortly before the episode began. Answer: B The first month of life after birth is referred to as the: 2. When immobilizing an injured child in a pediatric immobilization device, you should: Padding underneath the torso when immobilizing an injured child is generally not necessary if he or she is: The pediatric patient should be removed from his or her car seat and secured to an appropriate spinal immobilization device if: When a child experiences a blunt chest injury: the flexible ribs can be compressed without breaking. B. Question Type: Critical Thinking Page: 1184. Bacterial infection is a life-threatening complication that sometimes necessitates shunt removal. Question Type: Critical Thinking Pale skin in a child indicates that the: D. epiglottitis. D. 98 mm Hg. D. Blanching of the nares after insertion indicates correct placement. D. lower in the abdominal cavity, where the muscles are not as strong. 16. D. an unexplained delay in seeking medical care after the injury, C. consistency in the method of injury reported by the caregiver, Bruising to the _________ is LEAST suggestive of child abuse. B. continue high-flow oxygen therapy, contact medical control, and request permission to administer more You respond to a skate park where a 10-year-old male fell from his skateboard and struck his head on the ground; he was not wearing a helmet. A. the car seat is visibly damaged. Answer: A C. immobilized on a long backboard. Answer: A B. weak distal pulses. D. duration of symptoms, Answer: A Boerrhave's syndrome. B. visualize the child's airway. Answer: B D) altered mental status. B. oxygen content in the blood is decreased. Answer: B 94. A. encourage the child to urinate and take a shower. A. any superficial or partial-thickness burn that involves the legs or arms. C. 8 years. A. When questioning the parent of a child who ingested a poisonous substance, which of the A. a complete airway obstruction. To ensure that the airway of an infant or small child is correctly positioned, you may have to: Question Type: General Knowledge When a child experiences a blunt chest injury: Which of the following is NOT a known risk factor of SIDS? Febrile seizures in a child: B. D. brisk capillary refill. Answer: B What should you use the Wong-Baker FACES scale to determine? Page: 1195. B. C. administering blow-by oxygen and transporting the child with her mother. She further tells you that her daughter has no history of seizures, but has had a recent ear infection. D. assess his or her respiratory effort. In contrast to adults, deterioration to cardiac arrest in infants and children is usually associated with: Common causes of seizures in children include all of the following, EXCEPT: In most children, febrile seizures are characterized by: generalized tonic-clonic activity, a duration of less than 15 minutes, a short/absent postictal phase. D. give detailed updates to the infant's parents. D. he or she is breathing inadequately. C. has a possible closed fracture of the radius. Page: 1186. Which of the following statements regarding sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is correct? 27. Answer: D By 3 months old, your baby may respond to these sounds with excitement. The child is conscious, obviously frightened, and is C. hyperthermia. B. If the cervical spine is injured, it is most likely to be an injury to the ligaments because of rapid movement of the head. Answer: C A. older than 8 to 10 years. they are: It is the recommended adjunct for children with head trauma. toy into his mouth shortly before the episode began. Question Type: General Knowledge C. belly breathing. B. have a female EMT remain with her if possible. D. mild respiratory distress. 3. D. brisk capillary refill. A. child abuse. D. hyperextend the neck to ensure adequate alignment. Page: 1187, 87. During the attempted resuscitation of an infant with suspected SIDS: Which of the following represents a low normal systolic blood pressure for a 6-year-old child? Signs and symptoms of meningitis in the infant or child include all of the following, EXCEPT: A) sunken fontanelles. Chapter 34 Pediatric Emergencies. Answer: D Signs and symptoms are usually intermittent and mild; however, very rare sequelae include digital ulceration and/or soft tissue breakdown. Page: 1170. C. 4 seconds. D. If the cervical spine is injured, it is most likely to be an injury to the ligaments because of rapid movement of the head. 2. The child is conscious, posterior fontanelle is typically closed by _____ months of age. A pediatric patient involved in a drowning emergency may present with: abdominal distension. You should: encourage him to cough, give O2 as tolerated, and transport. Which of the following statements regarding preschool-age children is correct? The signs and symptoms of poisoning in children: A 2-month-old infant was found unresponsive in his crib by his mother. D. abnormal airway noise. Page: 1190. Page: 1185. wreck in west monroe, la today. A. ________ pulse. A child may begin to show signs of separation anxiety as early as: Unless he or she is critically ill or injured, you should generally begin your assessment of a toddler: Which of the following statements regarding preschool-age children is correct? C. monitor the pulse oximeter reading. queensland figure skating. D. heat compresses and lowering the injured extremity. 3 months and 4 years. Referring to Figure 9.5, state what phase(s) is (are) present at C. 4 seconds. She is receiving high-flow oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask. Answer: B Question Type: General Knowledge Question Type: General Knowledge 31. A. block the pop-off valve if needed to achieve adequate chest rise. His mother states that she saw him put a small toy into his mouth shortly before the episode began. When assessing or treating an adolescent patient, it is important to remember that: 8. D. an unexplained delay in seeking medical care after the injury, Answer: C Answer: A D. assess the child's heart rate and skin condition. C. belly breathing. A. Syncope, pronounced "SIN-ko-pea," is the medical term for fainting. You should: Before positioning an infant or child's airway, you should: When assessing an infant's ventilation status, you should: All of the following are normal findings in an infant or child, EXCEPT: Drawing in of the muscles between the ribs or of the sternum during inspiration is called: A high-pitched inspiratory sound that indicates a partial upper airway obstruction is called: When assessing the heart rate of a 6-month-old infant, you should palpate the brachial pulse or B. unresponsiveness, complete body relaxation, a fever greater than 105F, and a short postictal phase. There may be . B. wheezing. product because it may: B. EMTs must report all suspected cases of child abuse. D. an altered mental status. C. immobilized on a long backboard. D. caused by the inability of the body to cool itself. C. restlessness. Effects of peripheral vasculopathy, including Raynaud's phenomenon, were observed in post-marketing reports at different times and at therapeutic doses in all age groups throughout the course of treatment. The infant's heart rate is 140 beats/min and his anterior fontanelle appears to be slightly sunken. D. retracting the intercostal muscles. A. a complete airway obstruction. B. hyperglycemia. m(i)=31+52+73+94+115+136++2i+1i. Infants have relatively fixed stroke volumes and are particularly dependent upon heart rate to increase cardiac output. Cardiac arrest in the pediatric population is MOST commonly the result of: 81. A. mild dehydration. B. partial-thickness burns covering more than 20% of the body surface. B. 105. D. a semiconscious 7-year-old female with normal ventilation. D. a headache. D. gather critical data by performing a rapid hands-on assessment of the child. B. B. moist oral mucosa. When a child experiences a blunt injury to the abdomen: he or she can compensate for blood loss better than adults. D. 10 years. Vision. A. proportionately larger and situated more anteriorly. Signs and symptoms of meningitis in the infant or child include all of the following, EXCEPT: Children with N meningitides would MOST likely present with: Which of the following is the MOST appropriate dose of activated charcoal for a 20kg child? Question Type: General Knowledge 89. Answer: D Page: 1197, EMT Chapter 33- Obstetrics & Neonatal Care eB, EMT Chapter 33: Obstetrics and Neonatal Care, Julie S Snyder, Linda Lilley, Shelly Collins, Winningham's Critical Thinking Cases in Nursing, Barbara A Preusser, Julie S Snyder, Mariann M Harding. Immediate transport is indicated for a child when he or she: D. hyperglycemia. C. a rapid heart rate. D. has a history suggestive of a serious illness. Signs and symptoms of meningitis in the infant or child include all of the following, EXCEPT: Have you noticed any signs or symptoms? D. open his airway and look in his mouth. To ensure that the airway of an infant or small child is correctly positioned, you may have to: place a towel or folded sheet behind the shoulders. If the cervical spine is injured, it is most likely to be an injury to the ligaments because of rapid movement of the head B. crying and anxiety. D. assess his or her respiratory effort. B. a weak cough. B. have a female EMT remain with her if possible. C. a cough that resembles the bark of a seal. D. become obstructed by mucus. C) a stiff or painful neck. All of the following are normal findings in an infant or child, EXCEPT: A. observe the chest for rise and fall. B. tightly secure the oxygen mask straps to the face. 6 years. C. Most cervical spine fractures in infants and children occur between the first and second cervical vertebrae. Question Type: General Knowledge B. fear or anxiety. C. 25% B. his or her blood pressure falls with as little as 5% blood loss. D. 18 months and 10 years. Compared to an adult, the diaphragm dictates the amount of air that a child inspires because the: intercostal muscles are not well developed, blood vessels near the skin are constricted. Answer: C With regard to the legal implications of child abuse: A. the growth plate is commonly injured. A. hot items on a stovetop. conscious, crying, and clinging to her mother. A. excessive tearing. A. he or she can compensate for blood loss better than adults. 60. B. retracting. Which of the following statements regarding a pediatric patient's anatomy is correct? Infants produce heat by non-shivering thermogenesis (NST) and should exhibit peripheral vasoconstriction when cold, but little empirical evidence confirms that ELBW infants are capable of peripheral vasoconstriction. C. stimulate the vagus nerve. Which of the following inquiries should you make in private when obtaining a SAMPLE history from an adolescent patient? Which of the following represents a low normal systolic blood pressure for a 6-year-old child? B. his or her tidal volume is adequate. An infant with severe dehydration would be expected to present with: D. may indicate a serious underlying illness. D. he or she is breathing inadequately. A child's head is less frequently injured than an adult's. Febrile seizures in a child: A. normal interactiveness, awareness to time, and pink skin color. Answer: B You should: be prepared to assist her ventilations, transport at once, and request an ALS intercept en route to the hospital. D. are most severe if the child ingested a poisonous substance. A. irritability of the left ventricle. D. ventilate the child with sharp, quick breaths at the appropriate rate. Abstract The thermoregulatory threshold for vasoconstriction has been studied in infants and children given isoflurane, but not in those given halothane anesthesia. Question Type: General Knowledge B. size of the child and the height of the bumper upon impact. D. give 12.5 to 25 g of activated charcoal. bronchioles. Late signs of intracranial pressure that comprise Cushing triad include hypertension with a widening pulse pressure, bradycardia, and abnormal respiration. B. respiratory or circulatory failure. C. intra-abdominal hemorrhage. She further tells you that her daughter has no history of seizures, but has had a recent ear infection. A. proportionately larger and situated more anteriorly. A. When assessing or treating an adolescent patient, it is important to remember that: A. they usually do not wish to be observed during a procedure. 2 seconds. C. avoiding the placement of a splint, if possible. A. separating the child from his or her parents. The child is conscious, obviously frightened, and is coughing forcefully. A. D. popliteal. A. newborns You should suspect: B. observe the child's skin color. signs of vasoconstriction in the infant or child include: post oak toyota commercial actors . You are dispatched to a local elementary school for an injured child. She is receiving high-flow oxygen B. dehydration from vomiting and diarrhea. D. may indicate a serious underlying illness. With regard to the legal implications of child abuse: 9. The secondary assessment of a sick or injured child: Which of the following groups of people is associated with the lowest risk of meningitis? D. activity, respiratory quality, and level of consciousness. A. routinely suction the mouth to remove oral secretions. A 2-year-old female has experienced a seizure. 50 Answer: A if the cervical spine is injured, it is most likely to be an injury to the ligaments because of rapid movement of the head. A 4-year-old, 16-kg female ingested an unknown quantity of liquid drain cleaner. B. the flexible ribs can be compressed without breaking. A 6-year-old male presents with acute respiratory distress. B. encourage him to cough, give oxygen as tolerated, and transport. Page: 1170. D. 10 years. mouth. When auscultating the lungs of a patient with respiratory distress, you hear adventitious sounds. This means that the patient has: a. normal breath sounds. Question Type: General Knowledge playing with a small toy. Infection should be considered a possible cause of an airway obstruction in an infant or child, especially if he or she presents with: Signs of an upper airway obstruction in an infant or child include all of the following, EXCEPT: A 6-year-old male presents with acute respiratory distress. A. result in tachycardia. The MOST appropriate treatment for this child includes: C. administering blow-by oxygen and transporting the child with her mother. D. an altered mental status. B. encourage him to cough, give oxygen as tolerated, and transport. 70. C. a rapid heart rate. Kho St Cng Trnh Ngm kent, wa police news today. A. secure the head before the torso. A. profound tachycardia. C. skin condition, respiratory rate, and level of alertness. D. brisk capillary refill. A. discourage the family from observing. Page: 1170. What is the threshold of blood volume loss in children? A. radial D. poisonings or ingestion, Answer: B C. administering blow-by oxygen and transporting the child with her mother. Vasoconstriction can help or hurt your body, depending on the situation. The secondary assessment of a sick or injured child: Most of the dark matter is thought to consist of ;it is not the "normal" dark matter composed of. neutrons, protons, and electrons. A. C. vomiting and diarrhea. C. 12, 4 B. allow you to rapidly and visually form a general impression of the child. Page: 1178. 15% A. extreme restlessness. After determining that an infant or child has strong central pulses, you should: Page: 1180, 65. If a pediatric patient begins seizing again during your care, which of the following would be your treatment priority? B. obtain a SAMPLE history from the parents. Which of the following is the LEAST reliable assessment parameter to evaluate when determining the presence of shock in infants and children? He is responsive to painful stimuli only and has a large hematoma to the back of his head. The goal of vasoconstriction is to prioritize oxygen and nutrient supply to the most important organs - the vital organs. Signs of vasoconstriction in the infant or child include: Which of the following statements regarding spinal injuries in pediatric patients is correct? Children are less likely than adults to be struck by a car. Answer: D A. All of the following are normal findings in an infant or child, EXCEPT: As a 1-month-old, babies start to know familiar sounds and may show it by turning the head. Which of the following inquiries should you make in private when obtaining a SAMPLE Compensatory mechanisms that improve stroke volume include increased venous smooth muscle tone (improves preload by shunting blood to the You should: assist his ventilations, be prepared to suction his mouth if he vomits, apply full spinal precautions, and prepare for immediate transport to a trauma center. 67. A friend tells you that a refrigerator door, beneath its layer of painted plastic, is made of aluminum. signs of vasoconstriction in the infant or child include: Her skin is hot and moist. In moderate to severe disease, corticosteroids improve croup scores within 12-24 hours and decrease hospitalization rates. A. bleeding in the brain. D. give detailed updates to the infant's parents. D. absent urine output. D. 5 seconds. A. They are rarely used in infants younger than 1 year. A. block the pop-off valve if needed to achieve adequate chest rise. Page: 1155. B. he or she has no visible injuries. Causes of infant death that may be mistaken for SIDS include all of the following, EXCEPT: During the attempted resuscitation of an infant with suspected SIDS: EMT Chapter 30- Abdominal and Genitourinary I, Chapter 33: Obstetrics and Neonatal Care Prac, Julie S Snyder, Linda Lilley, Shelly Collins, N300 -- Cardiac Rehabilitation -- Final Exam. When immobilizing an injured child in a pediatric immobilization device, you should: If such a range finder is to determine a distance of 100m100 \mathrm{~m}100m to within 1cm1 \mathrm{~cm}1cm, what is the maximum permitted error in the measurement of the travel time? if the cervical spine is injured, it most likely to be an injury to the ligaments because of rapid movement to the head. Page: 1185. The EMTs should: remove the child from the car seat and secure both him and his mother to the stretcher. They can usually identify painful areas when questioned. A. cherry-red spots or a purplish rash. A. spinal cord injury C. result in airway swelling. A. vary widely, depending on the child's age and weight. This . An infant or child with respiratory distress will attempt to keep his or her alveoli expanded at the end of C. palpate the abdomen for rise and fall. He is responsive to painful stimuli only and has a large hematoma on the back of his head. C. avoiding the placement of a splint, if possible. Question Type: Critical Thinking Compression of the cord results in vasoconstriction and resultant fetal hypoxia, which can lead to fetal death or disability if not rapidly diagnosed and managed. C. severe infection. small toy. C. the sudden force against the ribs causes them to fracture. C. their bones bend more easily than an adult's. 15% A. hot items on a stovetop. Signs and symptoms of meningitis in the infant or child include all of the following, EXCEPT: A. headache and fever. Answer: A 32. B. SIDS is most commonly the result of an overwhelming infection. A normal level of consciousness in an infant or child is characterized by: C. hyperpnea. 49. Signs of vasoconstriction in the infant or child include: Which of the following statements regarding spinal injuries in pediatric patients is correct? Question Type: General Knowledge When you arrive at the scene, the child is conscious, crying, A. chills. C. exposure to caustic chemicals. A. put padding behind his or her head. A. appearance, work of breathing, and skin circulation. As you approach the child, you note that he is lying at the base of the monkey bars. 51. A common cause of shock in an infant is: Signs and symptoms of meningitis in the infant or child include all of the following, EXCEPT: Children with N meningitides would MOST likely present with: The signs and symptoms of poisoning in children: vary widely, depending on the child's age and weight. C. result in airway swelling. The mother tells you that the seizure lasted approximately 5 minutes. You are dispatched to a local elementary school for an injured child. D. dry mucous membranes. A. Question Type: General Knowledge D. use a nasal cannula instead of a nonrebreathing mask. determining the presence of shock in infants and children? B. secondary to a severe bacterial infection. Most cases of SIDS occur in infants younger than 6 months. D. heat compresses and lowering the injured extremity. presence of shock in infants and children? The patient, an 18-month-old female, C. place the child in cold water to attempt to reduce her fever. C. may not be possible if the child's condition is critical. A. stridor. Which of the following statements regarding spinal injuries in pediatric patients is correct? Question Type: General Knowledge A. alcohol. Write a recursive method to compute the following series: m(i)=13+25+37+49+511+613++i2i+1m(i)=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{2}{5}+\frac{3}{7}+\frac{4}{9}+\frac{5}{11}+\frac{6}{13}+\ldots+\frac{i}{2 i+1} A. heart rate He is unresponsive and there are no signs of breathing. D. 35%, Which of the following is the LEAST reliable assessment parameter to evaluate when determining the A. speed at which the car was traveling when impact occurred. correct? B. The MOST appropriate treatment for this child includes: administering blow-by O2 and transporting the child with her mother. 99. B. his or her blood pressure falls with as little as 5% blood loss. C. generalized tonic-clonic activity, a duration of less than 15 minutes, and a short or absent postictal phase. may indicate a serious underlying illness. 88 mm Hg D. brisk capillary refill. C. seizures and hypoxia ________ pulse. D. isolated tonic-clonic activity, a duration of greater than 15 minutes, and a short postictal phase. D. mother smoked during pregnancy, C. putting a baby to sleep on his or her back. Clinical signs of neonatal infection are nonspecic and include manifestations from various systems. When a child experiences a blunt injury to the abdomen: he or she can compensate for blood loss better than adults, without signs of shock developing, partial-thickness burns covering more than 20% of the BSA. D. allowing the child to remain with her mother and applying a nasal cannula. 5% Answer: C C. Children are more likely to experience diving-related injuries. The anti-inflammatory action of corticosteroids reduces laryngeal mucosal edema and decreases the need for salvage nebulized epinephrine.